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虹口合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日期(qi):2022-01-21 瀏(liu)覽(lan)次(ci)數:34764

目前我國生產虹口合成鎂鈣砂所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)原料(liao)有菱鎂石(shi)、白云(yun)石(shi)和(he)(he)石(shi)灰石(shi)。所(suo)采(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)為(wei)二步煅(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)合(he)成(cheng)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。即先將菱鎂石(shi)、白云(yun)石(shi)和(he)(he)石(shi)灰石(shi)在(zai)較低的(de)(de)溫度(du)下(xia)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao),生產出(chu)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧化鎂、輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石(shi)和(he)(he)生石(shi)灰。然(ran)后(hou)進(jin)行配料(liao)、磨細(xi)、混料(liao)、成(cheng)型,最后(hou)經過高溫煅(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)出(chu)不同牌(pai)號(hao)的(de)(de)合(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂。具體的(de)(de)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有半干法壓(ya)坯、隧(sui)道窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi);半干法壓(ya)球(qiu)(qiu)、焦炭豎窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi);干法壓(ya)球(qiu)(qiu)、高溫燃(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)回轉(zhuan)窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。

虹口合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半(ban)干法(fa)壓坯、隧道窯煅燒工藝該(gai)煅燒工藝

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法壓球、焦炭豎(shu)窯煅(duan)燒工藝

該煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)生產(chan)合成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)(mei)鈣(gai)砂是(shi)以輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白云石和輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂(mei)(mei)為(wei)(wei)原料(liao)。將輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白云石和輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂(mei)(mei)分(fen)別磨成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)細(xi)粉(fen),計量(liang)后按比例加入輪(lun)碾機中再(zai)加水混(hun)合,混(hun)好的合成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)料(liao)在(zai)雙輥壓(ya)(ya)球(qiu)機上(shang)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)料(liao)球(qiu),干燥后裝入以焦炭(tan)或無煙(yan)煤為(wei)(wei)燃料(liao)的豎(shu)窯內煅燒(shao)(shao)。裝料(liao)方(fang)式是(shi)焦炭(tan)或無煙(yan)煤和料(liao)球(qiu)分(fen)層裝入。我國(guo)遼(liao)寧(ning)省(sheng)生產(chan)合成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)(mei)鈣(gai)砂的企業中,大部分(fen)采用該煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)。所用豎(shu)窯的規(gui)格一般為(wei)(wei)3m×16m。該煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)簡單(dan),產(chan)品成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本低,但在(zai)煅燒(shao)(shao)過程中料(liao)球(qiu)和焦炭(tan)混(hun)在(zai)一起,焦炭(tan)燃燒(shao)(shao)產(chan)生的灰(hui)分(fen)有一部分(fen)混(hun)入到料(liao)球(qiu)中,增加了產(chan)品的雜質含(han)量(liang)。

3、干法(fa)壓(ya)球(qiu)、燃(ran)油豎(shu)窯煅(duan)燒工(gong)藝

該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝用(yong)(yong)于(yu)生產(chan)高(gao)(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)合成(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂(sha)。將高(gao)(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)(hua)鎂和輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石(shi)配料(liao)(liao)、混(hun)合磨(mo)細后,直接將干粉料(liao)(liao)送(song)入(ru)高(gao)(gao)壓壓球機中(zhong)干壓成(cheng)球,然(ran)后再(zai)送(song)入(ru)高(gao)(gao)溫燃(ran)油豎窯內煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝的優勢(shi)是燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)油噴(pen)入(ru)到料(liao)(liao)層內,在(zai)料(liao)(liao)層內部燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度(du)(du)高(gao)(gao),可達到1800℃以上(shang);燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產(chan)生灰分,對物料(liao)(liao)的純(chun)度(du)(du)沒有影響。目前,國(guo)內采用(yong)(yong)該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝生產(chan)合成(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂(sha)的企業,只(zhi)有南方一家公(gong)司。該公(gong)司燃(ran)油豎窯的規格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯的工(gong)(gong)作襯用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)堿性耐火制品(pin)砌(qi)筑,厚度(du)(du)為(wei)350mm。工(gong)(gong)作襯于(yu)窯體鋼殼之間用(yong)(yong)輕(qing)(qing)質保溫磚(zhuan)砌(qi)筑。以重(zhong)柴油為(wei)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度(du)(du)>1800℃。設計4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,上(shang)下布置(zhi),間距900mm。每排(pai)設計16支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,沿(yan)圓周均布。采用(yong)(yong)無冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,每支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴配一臺計量(liang)泵供(gong)油,一次(ci)空氣由羅(luo)茨風(feng)機供(gong)應。實際生產(chan)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)一排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴。連續裝窯和出窯,全部自動化(hua)(hua)控(kong)制,生產(chan)能(neng)力(li)。

4、干法壓球(qiu)、回(hui)轉窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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