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靜安合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日(ri)期(qi):2022-01-21 瀏覽次(ci)數:34763

目前我國生產靜安合成鎂鈣砂所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)原料(liao)有菱鎂石、白云石和石灰石。所(suo)采用(yong)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)為二(er)步煅(duan)燒(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)合成工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)。即先(xian)將菱鎂石、白云石和石灰石在較低的(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)下(xia)輕(qing)燒(shao),生(sheng)(sheng)產出(chu)輕(qing)燒(shao)氧(yang)化鎂、輕(qing)燒(shao)白云石和生(sheng)(sheng)石灰。然后進(jin)行配料(liao)、磨細(xi)、混料(liao)、成型(xing),最(zui)后經過高溫(wen)煅(duan)燒(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)出(chu)不同牌號(hao)的(de)(de)合成鎂鈣砂(sha)。具(ju)體的(de)(de)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)有半(ban)(ban)干法(fa)壓(ya)坯、隧道窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi);半(ban)(ban)干法(fa)壓(ya)球、焦(jiao)炭豎(shu)窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi);干法(fa)壓(ya)球、高溫(wen)燃油豎(shu)窯(yao)和回轉(zhuan)窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)。

靜安合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半(ban)干法(fa)壓坯、隧(sui)道窯煅燒工(gong)藝(yi)該煅燒工(gong)藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅燒工藝

該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝生(sheng)(sheng)產合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂是以輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石和(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂(mei)為(wei)原(yuan)料。將輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石和(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂(mei)分(fen)別(bie)磨成(cheng)(cheng)細粉,計(ji)量后(hou)(hou)按比例加入(ru)輪碾機中(zhong)(zhong)再加水混(hun)合(he),混(hun)好的(de)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)料在(zai)雙輥壓球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)機上壓成(cheng)(cheng)料球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu),干(gan)燥后(hou)(hou)裝入(ru)以焦(jiao)炭(tan)或(huo)(huo)無煙煤為(wei)燃料的(de)豎(shu)(shu)窯內煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。裝料方式是焦(jiao)炭(tan)或(huo)(huo)無煙煤和(he)料球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)分(fen)層(ceng)裝入(ru)。我(wo)國遼寧省生(sheng)(sheng)產合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂的(de)企業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong),大部分(fen)采用該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝。所(suo)用豎(shu)(shu)窯的(de)規(gui)格一般為(wei)3m×16m。該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝簡(jian)單,產品成(cheng)(cheng)本低(di),但在(zai)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)料球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)和(he)焦(jiao)炭(tan)混(hun)在(zai)一起,焦(jiao)炭(tan)燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)灰分(fen)有一部分(fen)混(hun)入(ru)到料球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)中(zhong)(zhong),增加了產品的(de)雜(za)質含量。

3、干法壓球、燃油豎窯煅燒(shao)工藝

該(gai)(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝用(yong)(yong)于生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)(du)(du)合(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣砂。將(jiang)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)(du)(du)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂和(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石配(pei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、混合(he)磨細(xi)后(hou),直(zhi)接將(jiang)干(gan)粉料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)送入(ru)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)壓(ya)球機(ji)中(zhong)干(gan)壓(ya)成(cheng)球,然后(hou)再送入(ru)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)燃(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)內(nei)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種(zhong)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝的優勢(shi)是燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)油(you)噴入(ru)到料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)層內(nei),在料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)層內(nei)部燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao),可達(da)到1800℃以(yi)上(shang);燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)后(hou)不產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)灰分(fen),對物料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的純度(du)(du)(du)沒(mei)有(you)影響。目前(qian),國內(nei)采用(yong)(yong)該(gai)(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)合(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣砂的企業,只有(you)南方一(yi)家(jia)公(gong)司。該(gai)(gai)公(gong)司燃(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)的規格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)的工(gong)作襯用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)(du)(du)堿性(xing)耐火制品砌筑,厚度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)350mm。工(gong)作襯于窯(yao)體鋼殼之間用(yong)(yong)輕(qing)質保溫(wen)磚(zhuan)砌筑。以(yi)重柴油(you)為(wei)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)>1800℃。設(she)計4排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),上(shang)下布置(zhi),間距900mm。每排設(she)計16支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),沿圓周(zhou)均(jun)布。采用(yong)(yong)無冷卻(que)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),每支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui)配(pei)一(yi)臺計量泵供油(you),一(yi)次空氣(qi)由羅(luo)茨風(feng)機(ji)供應。實(shi)際生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui)。連續裝(zhuang)窯(yao)和(he)出窯(yao),全(quan)部自動化控制,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)能力(li)。

4、干(gan)法壓球(qiu)、回(hui)轉窯煅(duan)燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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